The Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 aims to provide for the care and protection of children, by the Government, with the help of the voluntary sector and individuals, in cases where the family is not able to take care of the children and in the cases of the children who are accused/ convicted of various offences under law. Formerly, certified schools were established to help children convicted of various offences. The certified schools were run by the Department of Prisons. After the Juvenile Justice Act came into force, the staff who were earlier looking after the certified schools, were entrusted with the responsibility of looking after the various institutions established under the Juvenile Justice Act. Hence, there was not much improvement in these Institutions. The attitude of the staff towards children was more like that of police towards prisoners. Even neglected children who had committed no offence were treated as potential offenders. The object of the Juvenile Justice Act to rehabilitate the children could not be effectively achieved and in several cases, it was a total failure. The Juvenile Justice Act, 2000, was enacted to rectify this situation, providing a major role to the Voluntary Organisations in the operations of the Homes created under the Act.

The Government Special Home for Children houses convicted children from all over the State. The Observation Home for Children, located in the premises of a jail (though segregated from rest of the jail), houses under-trial children. The Children's Home houses neglected / missing children. The role of Project Krushi in these homes is to co-manage them along with the Government, with rehabilitation and integration of the children into the main stream being the ultimate goal. A dedicated team of staff from Krushi are actively involved in making these homes hospitable as well as teaching and counseling the inmates. These Homes provide education and vocational training. Efforts are made to trace out parents / relatives of the children and restore the children to them, where permissible under the law.

Since January, 2005 Krushi has confined its activities mainly to the Observation Home for Boys. Project Krushi's efforts have seen a drastic reduction in the number of inmates at the Observation Home, with the Judiciary also taking a keen interest in speeding up the judicial process. Interaction with the police has helped in children not being arrested for offences, which they are made to commit, by organized gangs, especially as couriers for bootleggers. Targeting the bootleggers rather than the couriers seems to be yielding results, with very few children being sent to the Observation Home under this offence now, compared to a majority of the children being sent under this offence to this Home, in the past. Unless the children in the Observation Home are given proper counseling and emotional support, there is every chance that these children will continue to lead a life of crime

The children and parents are counseled to help the child to lead a normal life. Every step is taken to help the child continue his education/ find lawful employment. Steps are taken to introduce the child to education / continue his education and to the benefits of work (lawful employment, vocational training ). Emotional support is given to the child both in the institution as well as after leaving it, so that he can realize his full potential as a child and as human being. This is achieved by being good listener to the child, highlighting the good points of the child to parents and net working with the school/ employer/ good local NGO/ good persons of the locality. The police have a habit of picking up old offenders when new offences are committed, giving little chance for the person to reform. Hence until the police are reformed it is advisable for child to shift his residence to other locality if possible.

The most important thing is to give emotional support and help the child to lead a normal life so that he will not go back to old life of crime. There have been several instances where children have been helped by this approach of Krushi.